AIvaluateXR: An Evaluation Framework for on-Device AI in XR with Benchmarking Results

TL;DR

AIvaluateXR introduces a comprehensive framework for benchmarking large language models on XR devices, evaluating performance, efficiency, and accuracy to guide optimal deployment strategies.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel evaluation framework and a unified method for assessing LLMs on XR hardware, including benchmarking results across multiple devices and models.

Findings

Performance varies significantly across device-model pairs.

The framework identifies optimal trade-offs between quality and speed.

On-device LLMs show competitive efficiency compared to cloud-based setups.

Abstract

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) on extended reality (XR) devices has great potential to advance the field of human-AI interaction. In the case of direct, on-device model inference, selecting the appropriate model and device for specific tasks remains challenging. In this paper, we present AIvaluateXR, a comprehensive evaluation framework for benchmarking LLMs running on XR devices. To demonstrate the framework, we deploy 17 selected LLMs across four XR platforms: Magic Leap 2, Meta Quest 3, Vivo X100s Pro, and Apple Vision Pro, and conduct an extensive evaluation. Our experimental setup measures four key metrics: performance consistency, processing speed, memory usage, and battery consumption. For each of the 68 model-device pairs, we assess performance under varying string lengths, batch sizes, and thread counts, analyzing the trade-offs for real-time XR applications. We propose a unified evaluation method based on the 3D Pareto Optimality theory to select the optimal device-model pairs from quality and speed objectives. Additionally, we compare the efficiency of on-device LLMs with client-server and cloud-based setups, and evaluate their accuracy on two interactive tasks. We believe our findings offer valuable insight to guide future optimization efforts for LLM deployment on XR devices. Our evaluation method can be used as standard groundwork for further research and development in this emerging field. The source code and supplementary materials are available at: www.nanovis.org/AIvaluateXR.html