Poincar\'{e} sphere engineering of dynamical ferroelectric topological solitons

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how Poincaré sphere engineering enables the controlled creation and tuning of dynamical ferroelectric topological solitons using OAM-tunable light, revealing new topological states and transitions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel geometric approach to encode and manipulate ferroelectric topologies via structured light, enabling dynamic control of topological states.

Findings

Controlled creation of dynamic polar antiskyrmions in ferroelectrics.

Linking topological transitions to light beam OAM tuning.

Discovery of hybrid skyrmion-antiskyrmion states with structured light.

Abstract

Geometric representation lays the basis for understanding and flexible tuning of topological transitions in many physical systems. An example is given by the Poincar\'{e} sphere (PS) that provides an intuitive and continuous parameterization of the spin or orbital angular momentum (OAM) light states. Here, we apply this geometric construction to understand and continuously encode dynamical topologies of ferroelectric solitons driven by OAM-tunable light. We show that: (1) PS engineering enables controlled creation of dynamic polar antiskyrmions that are rarely found in ferroelectrics; (2) We link such topological transition to the tuning of the light beam as a ``knob'' from OAM (PS pole) to non-OAM (PS equator) modes; (3) Intermediate OAM-state structured light results in new ferroelectric topologies of temporally hybrid skyrmion-antiskyrmion states. Our study offers new approaches of robust control and flexible tuning of topologies of matter using structured light.