Searching Axion-like Dark Matter by Amplifying Weak Magnetic Field with Quantum Zeno effect

TL;DR

This paper proposes using the quantum Zeno effect to amplify weak magnetic signals, potentially improving detection of axion-like dark matter and other exotic particles by enhancing magnetic field signals beyond previous methods.

Contribution

It introduces a novel theoretical approach combining the quantum Zeno effect with spin amplification to enhance weak magnetic signals for dark matter detection.

Findings

Amplification factor increased by about e^{1/2} under Gaussian noise.

Numerical simulations identify optimal experimental parameters.

The method could improve constraints on dark matter interactions.

Abstract

The enhancement of weak signals and the detection of hypothetical particles, facilitated by quantum amplification, are crucial for advancing fundamental physics and its practical applications. Recently, it was experimentally observed that magnetic field can be amplified by using nuclear spins under Markovian noise, [H. Su, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 191801 (2024)]. Here, we theoretically propose amplifying the magnetic-field signal by using nuclear spins by the quantum Zeno effect (QZE). Under identical conditions, we demonstrate that compared to the Markovian case the amplification of the weak magnetic field can be enhanced by a factor about $e^{1/2}$ under a Gaussian noise. Moreover, through numerical simulations we determine the optimal experimental parameters for amplification conditions. This work shows that the combination of the QZE and spin amplification effectively enhances the amplification of the weak magnetic field. Our findings may provide valuable guidance for the design of experiments on establishing new constraints of dark matter and exotic interactions in the near future.