Re-Align: Aligning Vision Language Models via Retrieval-Augmented Direct Preference Optimization

TL;DR

Re-Align introduces a retrieval-based alignment framework for vision-language models that reduces hallucinations and improves visual question-answering performance by incorporating visual preferences during fine-tuning.

Contribution

It proposes a novel dual-preference dataset construction and an extended optimization method, rDPO, to better align VLMs with visual and textual preferences.

Findings

Re-Align outperforms previous methods in reducing hallucinations.

It significantly improves VQA task performance.

Re-Align is robust across various VLM architectures.

Abstract

The emergence of large Vision Language Models (VLMs) has broadened the scope and capabilities of single-modal Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating visual modalities, thereby unlocking transformative cross-modal applications in a variety of real-world scenarios. Despite their impressive performance, VLMs are prone to significant hallucinations, particularly in the form of cross-modal inconsistencies. Building on the success of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) in aligning LLMs, recent advancements have focused on applying direct preference optimization (DPO) on carefully curated datasets to mitigate these issues. Yet, such approaches typically introduce preference signals in a brute-force manner, neglecting the crucial role of visual information in the alignment process. In this paper, we introduce Re-Align, a novel alignment framework that leverages image retrieval to construct a dual-preference dataset, effectively incorporating both textual and visual preference signals. We further introduce rDPO, an extension of the standard direct preference optimization that incorporates an additional visual preference objective during fine-tuning. Our experimental results demonstrate that Re-Align not only mitigates hallucinations more effectively than previous methods but also yields significant performance gains in general visual question-answering (VQA) tasks. Moreover, we show that Re-Align maintains robustness and scalability across a wide range of VLM sizes and architectures. This work represents a significant step forward in aligning multimodal LLMs, paving the way for more reliable and effective cross-modal applications. We release all the code in https://github.com/taco-group/Re-Align.