Single-Pulse Morphology of PSR J1935+1616 (B1933+16) Based on archival data from FAST

TL;DR

This study analyzes the single-pulse morphology of PSR J1935+1616 using FAST archival data, revealing micropulses, quasiperiodic microstructure, and distinct pulse modes, enhancing understanding of pulsar emission behaviors.

Contribution

The paper provides the first detailed analysis of single-pulse microstructure and mode classification of PSR J1935+1616 based on FAST data, highlighting new pulse morphology insights.

Findings

Detected 969 micropulses accounting for 9.69% of pulses.

Identified quasiperiodic micropulses with a period of 231.77 μs.

Classified pulses into four morphological modes with distinct energy distributions.

Abstract

We utilized archived data from the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) to analyze the single-pulse profile morphology of PSR J1935$+$1616 (B1933$+$16). The results show that PSR J1935$+$1616 exhibits significant micropulses as well as various changes in single-pulse profile morphology. In the FAST archived data, a total of 969 single pulses with microstructure were identified, accounting for 9.69$\%$ of the total pulse sample, with characteristic widths of $127.63^{+70.74}_{-46.25}$ $\mu$s. About half of these pulses display quasiperiodic micropulses, with a periodicity of 231.77 $\pm$ 9.90 $\mu$s. Among the 520 single pulses with quasiperiodic microstructure, 208 also exhibit quasiperiodicity in circular polarization, with a characteristic period of $244.70^{+45.66}_{-21.05}$ $\mu$s. The micropulse characteristic width in circular polarization is 106.52 $\pm$ 46.14 $\mu$s. Compared to normal pulses, the relative energy (E/<E>) of single pulse with microstructure follows a double Gaussian distribution, while that of normal pulses follows a single Gaussian distribution. Based on the intensity of the leading and trailing components in the single-pulse profile morphology of PSR J1935+1616, we classified the pulses into four morphological modes (A, B, C, and D). The relative energy distribution of pulses in mode A is significantly different from the others, following a double Gaussian distribution, while the relative energy distributions in modes B, C, and D follow a single Gaussian distribution. Our study also suggests a possible correlation between micropulses and single-pulse profile morphology. Single pulse with micropulses are most likely to occur in mode A, while their occurrence is least likely in mode D.