Statistical analysis of Multipath Entanglement Purification in Quantum Networks

TL;DR

This paper analyzes how multipath entanglement purification can enhance quantum network performance by leveraging complex network structures, outperforming single-path strategies in certain scenarios.

Contribution

It introduces a statistical model to evaluate MP-EP effectiveness and provides criteria for its optimal application in quantum networks.

Findings

MP-EP can improve entanglement fidelity over certain network distances.

MP-EP outperforms single-path distribution under specific network conditions.

Statistical criteria identify network regions where MP-EP is advantageous.

Abstract

In quantum networks, a set of entangled states distributed over multiple, alternative, distinct paths between a pair of source-destination nodes can be purified to obtain a higher fidelity entangled state between the nodes. This multipath entanglement purification (MP-EP) strategy can exploit the network's complex structure to strengthen the entanglement connection between node pairs separated by appropriate graph distances. We investigate the network scenarios in which MP-EP outperforms entanglement distribution over single network paths utilising a statistical model of a quantum network and find that MP-EP can be an effective entanglement distribution strategy over a range of node separations determined by the average edge fidelities and probabilities of the network. We find that MP-EP can bost the entanglement connection between suitably separated node pairs to reach fidelities sufficient for a given quantum task thereby increasing the functionality of a quantum network. Further, we provide statistical criteria in terms of network parameters that can determine the regions of the network where MP-EP can be a useful entanglement distribution strategy.