Re$^3$Sim: Generating High-Fidelity Simulation Data via 3D-Photorealistic Real-to-Sim for Robotic Manipulation

TL;DR

Re$^3$Sim introduces a 3D-photorealistic real-to-sim system that enhances simulation fidelity for robotic manipulation, enabling effective zero-shot transfer and large-scale dataset generation using advanced reconstruction and neural rendering techniques.

Contribution

The paper presents RE$^3$SIM, a novel system that improves sim-to-real transfer in robotics by combining 3D reconstruction and neural rendering for high-fidelity simulation.

Findings

Achieves over 58% success rate in zero-shot sim-to-real transfer.

Enables large-scale simulation dataset generation for diverse objects.

Demonstrates effective policy training using only simulated data.

Abstract

Real-world data collection for robotics is costly and resource-intensive, requiring skilled operators and expensive hardware. Simulations offer a scalable alternative but often fail to achieve sim-to-real generalization due to geometric and visual gaps. To address these challenges, we propose a 3D-photorealistic real-to-sim system, namely, RE$^3$SIM, addressing geometric and visual sim-to-real gaps. RE$^3$SIM employs advanced 3D reconstruction and neural rendering techniques to faithfully recreate real-world scenarios, enabling real-time rendering of simulated cross-view cameras within a physics-based simulator. By utilizing privileged information to collect expert demonstrations efficiently in simulation, and train robot policies with imitation learning, we validate the effectiveness of the real-to-sim-to-real pipeline across various manipulation task scenarios. Notably, with only simulated data, we can achieve zero-shot sim-to-real transfer with an average success rate exceeding 58%. To push the limit of real-to-sim, we further generate a large-scale simulation dataset, demonstrating how a robust policy can be built from simulation data that generalizes across various objects. Codes and demos are available at: http://xshenhan.github.io/Re3Sim/.