Individual particle persistence antagonizes global ordering in populations of nematically-aligning self-propelled particles

TL;DR

This study explores how individual migration persistence affects collective nematic order in self-propelled particles, revealing that persistence can both promote and hinder global order depending on interaction strengths.

Contribution

It demonstrates through simulations and analysis that individual persistence influences collective nematic order, highlighting the interplay between intrinsic behavior and interactions.

Findings

Increased alignment strength promotes global order.

High persistence can prevent global nematic order.

Behavior depends on both individual persistence and interaction strength.

Abstract

The transition from individual to collective motion plays a significant role in many biological processes. While the implications of different types of particle-particle interactions for the emergence of particular modes of collective motion have been well studied, it is unclear how particular types of individual migration patterns influence collective motion. Here, motivated by swarming bacteria Myxococcus xanthus, we investigate the combined effects of the individual pattern of migration and of particle-particle interactions, on the emergence of collective migration. We analyze the effects of a feature of individual pattern migration, the persistence of motion, on the collective properties of the system that emerge from interactions among individuals; in particular, when nematic velocity alignment interaction mediates collective dynamics. We find, through computer simulations and mathematical analysis, that an initially disordered migratory state can become globally ordered by increasing either, the particle-particle alignment interaction strength or the persistence of individual migration. In contrast, we find that persistence prevents the emergence of global nematic order when both persistence and nematic alignment are comparatively high. We conclude that behavior at the population level does not only depend on interactions between individuals but also on the individuals' own intrinsic behavior.