Supersolid phases of bosons

TL;DR

This review comprehensively covers the experimental and theoretical progress in understanding supersolid phases of bosons, especially in ultracold gases and optical lattices, highlighting their properties, realization, and future research directions.

Contribution

It provides a detailed synthesis of experimental observations, theoretical frameworks, and platform developments related to bosonic supersolids, including lattice-supersolids.

Findings

Observation of supersolids in ultracold atomic gases

Use of optical lattices to realize lattice-supersolids

Discussion of future exotic supersolid states

Abstract

Supersolids--the enigmatic phase of quantum matter, with properties resembling both the superfluid and solid states--have been actively sought over the past 70 years. We provide a comprehensive review of the developments to date in experimental and theoretical studies of the supersolid phases of bosons, with a particular focus on their observation in ultracold atomic gases. Additionally, the use of optical lattices facilitates the realization of `lattice-supersolids', which paves the way to study the effect of correlations in a controlled manner. A brief theoretical framework is presented to characterize this puzzling state with competing orders and to gain insight into its basic properties. Various types of supersolid phases and the different platforms used to achieve them are described. Finally, we discuss the future prospects of research and the potential to achieve supersolids with more exotic features.