Improved Accreditation of Analogue Quantum Simulation and Establishing Quantum Advantage

TL;DR

This paper presents an improved protocol for verifying analogue quantum simulators that is more realistic and feasible, advancing the pursuit of demonstrating quantum advantage without relying on universal Hamiltonians or two-qubit gates.

Contribution

It introduces a verification method that eliminates the need for universal Hamiltonians and two-qubit gates, aligning better with current analogue simulators and supporting quantum advantage demonstration.

Findings

Enhanced verification protocol for analogue quantum simulators.

No reliance on universal Hamiltonians or two-qubit gates.

Supports near-term demonstration of quantum advantage.

Abstract

We improve on the results of [A. Jackson et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A 121 (6). 2024] on the verification of analogue quantum simulators by eliminating the use of universal Hamiltonians, removing the need for two-qubit gates, and no longer assuming error is represented by identical maps across simulations. This new protocol better reflects the reality of extant analogue simulators. It integrates well with recent complexity theoretic results, leading to a near-term feasible simulation-based route to establishing quantum advantage.