Exact collective occupancies of the Moshinsky model in two-dimensional geometry

TL;DR

This paper derives exact expressions for the collective occupancies of natural orbitals in a two-dimensional bosonic system with harmonic interactions, revealing uniform distribution across angular momentum components and insights into boson fragmentation.

Contribution

It provides the first exact diagonal representation of the reduced density matrix in polar coordinates for this model, detailing how collective occupancy depends on angular momentum and system parameters.

Findings

Exact expression for collective occupancy of natural orbitals with angular momentum l

Natural orbitals contributing to correlations are uniformly distributed across significant l components

Analysis of boson fragmentation into different angular momentum components

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the ground state of $N$ bosonic atoms confined in a two-dimensional isotropic harmonic trap, where the atoms interact via a harmonic potential. We derive an exact diagonal representation of the first-order reduced density matrix in polar coordinates, in which the angular components of the natural orbitals are eigenstates of the angular momentum operator. Furthermore, we present an exact expression for the collective occupancy of the natural orbitals with angular momentum $l$, quantifying the fraction of particles carrying that angular momentum. The present study explores how the dependence of collective occupancy relies on angular momentum $l$ and the control parameters of the system. Building on these findings, we examine boson fragmentation into components with different $l$ and reveal a unique feature of the system: the natural orbitals contributing to the correlations are uniformly distributed across all significant $l$ components.