Progress on surface curvature analysis for describing atomization using 2P-LIF images

TL;DR

This paper advances the analysis of atomization by using surface curvature distribution (SCD) to describe complex liquid-gas interface morphologies throughout the atomization process, leveraging experimental 2P-LIF images.

Contribution

It demonstrates the application of SCD analysis to experimental 2P-LIF images, enabling comprehensive characterization of interface evolution and spray properties during atomization.

Findings

SCD effectively describes interface destabilization stages.

Early-stage surface analysis predicts final spray characteristics.

Curvature analysis correlates with droplet size distribution.

Abstract

To describe atomization completely it is necessary to track the liquid-gas interface morphology at any stage of the atomization process. Typically, instability analysis focuses on generic and simplified morphology: cylindrical jet, liquid sheet, ligament, and droplet to determine their stability and subsequent instability. On the other side sprays composed of spherical droplets are analyzed through their diameter distribution. However, between these situations the liquidgas interface experiences complex morphology that is more and more accessible through numerical simulation and advanced experimental imagery. To take advantage of this new information and to describe synthetically such data new analyses have been proposed. Here, we aim to analyze complex interface morphology with the surface curvature distribution (SCD) [1] but other possibilities exist [2]. The SCD allows us to describe continuously the destabilization of the initial liquid structure, through complex interfaces such as ligaments, blobs, and liquid sheets until the apparition of the first spherical structures which ultimately become droplets. Beyond the description of the interface, it has been possible to show that a careful analysis of the liquid-gas surface through the SCD allows for determining at the early stage of the atomization process the final characteristics of the spray, even its diameter distribution [3]. In the present work, we are using experimental measurements to assess the characteristics of the spray. With these data, it is possible to observe and describe the atomization process at all stages of the atomization using curvature analysis and image processing techniques.