Pion condensation at non-zero isospin chemical potential with Wilson fermions

TL;DR

This paper investigates pion condensation at non-zero isospin chemical potential using Wilson fermions, providing preliminary lattice simulation results that complement existing staggered fermion studies.

Contribution

It offers the first preliminary lattice simulation results of pion condensation with Wilson fermions, expanding the understanding of phase transitions at non-zero isospin chemical potential.

Findings

Identification of the pion condensation phase transition point

Preliminary evidence supporting phase transition with Wilson fermions

Comparison with staggered fermion results

Abstract

In contrast to the case of non-zero baryon chemical potential, the isospin chemical potential does not introduce a sign problem and can be simulated on the lattice. When the isospin chemical potential is large enough, a phase transition to a Bose-Einstein condensate of pions takes place. Currently available results in the literature on the phase diagram and the equation of state in this setup employ staggered fermions. We present preliminary results on the onset of the pion condensation phase in simulations with Wilson fermions.