Chiral Instabilities in Driven-Dissipative Quantum Liquids

TL;DR

This paper explores how driven-dissipative quantum liquids, specifically Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids, exhibit chiral instabilities and phase transitions under tailored bath couplings, revealing novel dynamical behaviors and symmetry-breaking phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a Floquet-Lindblad framework to analyze chiral instabilities and uncovers a new chiral phase transition driven by chiral bath coupling in quantum liquids.

Findings

Symmetric parametric instabilities are suppressed under detailed balance.

Chiral bath coupling induces a phase transition to a chiral parametric instability.

A single chirality of quasiparticles is exponentially amplified, causing a dynamical chiral imbalance.

Abstract

We investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of periodically driven Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids (TLLs) coupled to a thermal bath using a Floquet-Lindblad approach. When the coupling to the bath satisfies detailed balance, we obtain a condition for parametric instabilities to be suppressed, symmetrically for both chiralities. Remarkably, by designing a purely chiral coupling to the bath, instead of instability suppression, we uncover a driven-dissipative phase transition between the former symmetric parametric instability and a new chiral parametric instability. In the latter, a single chirality of bosonic quasiparticles gets exponentially amplified, leading to a dynamical chiral imbalance within the TLL, reminiscent of the non-Hermitian skin effect.