Spin photonic topological metasurface based on kagome lattice and leaky-wave application

TL;DR

This paper introduces a spin topological metasurface based on kagome lattice, enabling sharp wave propagation turns and a novel leaky-wave antenna with broad beam scanning in the X-band frequency range.

Contribution

It presents a new kagome lattice-based spin topological metasurface and demonstrates its application in designing a broadband leaky-wave antenna with multiple beam directions.

Findings

Achieved approximately 50-degree beam scan within 8.8-11.1 GHz bandwidth.

Developed a kagome lattice-based leaky-wave antenna with dual forward and backward beams.

Compared unit cell performance with hexagonal and rhombic configurations.

Abstract

The emerging field of topological metasurfaces offers unique advantages, particularly in robustness against backscattering in low-profile structures. The lattice configuration of these structures significantly influences the ability to achieve sharp turns in the propagation path. One of the most studied lattices in condensed matter physics is the kagome lattice, characterized by its hexagonal Brillouin zone, which displays a Dirac cone in its dispersion diagram. Previous research on kagome lattices in photonic topological insulators has primarily focused on valley types of insulators. This article introduces a spin topological metasurface based on the kagome lattice and its unit cell, enabling a broad range of sharp turns and propagation paths. The unit cell is compared to its hexagonal and 60-degree rhombic counterparts, and a parametric study of its dimensions is conducted. As a result of this research, a new X-band leaky-wave antenna designed in the kagome lattice with an armchair arrangement interface has been developed. This antenna provides two forward and two backward beams, each pair achieving an approximately 50-degree scan within the 8.8 to 11.1 GHz bandwidth.