COMPOL: A Unified Neural Operator Framework for Scalable Multi-Physics Simulations
Yifei Sun, Tao Wang, Junqi Qu, Yushun Dong, Hewei Tang, Shibo Li

TL;DR
COMPOL is a novel neural operator framework that enhances multi-physics simulations by effectively modeling complex interdependencies among coupled physical processes, leading to improved predictive accuracy across diverse scientific domains.
Contribution
It introduces a flexible, architecture-agnostic framework incorporating recurrent and attention mechanisms to better capture interactions in multiphysics systems.
Findings
Outperforms existing methods in diverse benchmarks
Achieves higher predictive accuracy in complex simulations
Seamlessly integrates with various neural operator architectures
Abstract
Multiphysics simulations play an essential role in accurately modeling complex interactions across diverse scientific and engineering domains Although neural operators especially the Fourier Neural Operator FNO have significantly improved computational efficiency they often fail to effectively capture intricate correlations inherent in coupled physical processes To address this limitation we introduce COMPOL a novel coupled multiphysics operator learning framework COMPOL extends conventional operator architectures by incorporating sophisticated recurrent and attentionbased aggregation mechanisms effectively modeling interdependencies among interacting physical processes within latent feature spaces Our approach is architectureagnostic and seamlessly integrates into various neural operator frameworks that involve latent space transformations Extensive experiments on diverse…
Peer Reviews
Decision·ICLR 2026 Conference Withdrawn Submission
- Theoretical proof of convergence of latent updates and of the stability of the aggregation - State of the art performance on multiple datasets - Introduction of a novel, architecture agnostic framework, for tackling Multiphysics problems - Ablation studies showcase the importance of each component.
- Lack of clarity in certain proofs - Lack of clarity sometimes in the writing. The architecture introduces with the two types of aggregation is complex, and Figure 2 does not help decipher it. - The text formatting is very dense; some equations and formulas would deserve to be highlighted in equation blocks.
- The paper considers a relatively new problem setting of multi-physics modeling. - It provides several new datasets consist of multiple physics fields and variables. - The architecture is flexible and agnostic to the specific inner neural operator choices.
1. The recurrent module and attention mechanism have been widely studied in ML and PDE community. Especially, the inter-physics attention has been applied in [1]. It will be helpful to discuss and compare with the previous work. 2. Using recurrent structure and attention usually increase the runtime significantly, it will be helpful to report the runtime and plot convergence of the cost accuracy tradeoff (at what runtime, the model get what error rate). This will be helpful to justify the extra
**Originality** - The proposed approach is a solid engineering contribution: using separate neural operator streams per variable with learned aggregation (GRU/attention) is a reasonable architectural choice for coupled PDE systems. - The idea of maintaining separate streams per variable could be valuable in high-scale distributed computing regimes, where each stream could operate on a separate device. - The framework is architecture-agnostic and generalizes beyond FNO (extensions to DeepONet, GN
My main issue with the paper is that it exaggerates the novelty and tries to present the framework as something it is not. - I find the "multi-physics" framing misleading: from a deep learning point of view, what is the difference between a multi-channel problem and a multi-physics problem? It seems to me that the problem setup is simply multi-channel input, multi-channel output. Furthermore, when the authors make a distinction between multi-physics and multi-channel operator learning, I do not
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Taxonomy
TopicsNeural Networks and Applications · Computational Physics and Python Applications
MethodsSoftmax · Attention Is All You Need
