The continuous functional calculus in Lean

TL;DR

This paper presents the first formalization of the continuous functional calculus in Lean, a proof assistant, integrated into Mathlib, and discusses design choices for usability.

Contribution

It introduces the first formalization of the continuous functional calculus in a proof assistant, specifically in Lean's Mathlib, enhancing formal methods in operator algebra theory.

Findings

Formalization successfully integrated into Mathlib

Design decisions improved usability of the formalization

Provides a foundation for further formalization in operator algebras

Abstract

The continuous functional calculus is perhaps the most fundamental construction in the theory of operator algebras, especially $C^{*}$-algebras. Here we document our formalization of the continuous functional calculus in Lean, which constitutes the first such formalization in any proof assistant. Our implementation is already merged into Lean's mathematical library, Mathlib. We provide a brief introduction to the mathematical theory for those unfamiliar with the subject, and then highlight the design decisions in our formalization which proved to be important for usability. Our exposition is aimed at a general mathematical audience and provides a glimpse into the world of formalization by laying bare the discovery process.