On total transitivity of graphs

TL;DR

This paper introduces the concept of total transitivity in graphs, characterizes it for split graphs, and develops efficient algorithms for trees and bipartite chain graphs, while proving NP-completeness in bipartite graphs.

Contribution

It defines total transitivity, characterizes it for specific graph classes, and provides polynomial-time algorithms for trees and bipartite chain graphs, along with NP-completeness results.

Findings

Characterized split graphs with total transitivity 1 and ω(G)-1.

NP-completeness of the problem for bipartite graphs.

Linear-time algorithm for bipartite chain graphs and polynomial-time for trees.

Abstract

Let $G = (V, E)$ be a graph where $V$ and $E$ are the vertex and edge sets, respectively. For two disjoint subsets $A$ and $B$ of $V$, we say that $A$ \emph{dominates} $B$ if every vertex of $B$ is adjacent to at least one vertex of $A$. A vertex partition $\pi = \{V_1, V_2, \ldots, V_k\}$ of $G$ is called a \emph{transitive partition} of size $k$ if $V_i$ dominates $V_j$ for all $1 \leq i < j \leq k$. In this article, we study a variation of the transitive partition, namely the \emph{total transitive partition}. The total transitivity $Tr_t(G)$ is defined as the maximum order of a vertex partition $\pi = \{V_1, V_2, \ldots, V_k\}$ of $G$ obtained by repeatedly removing a total dominating set from $G$ until no vertices remain. Thus, $V_1$ is a total dominating set of $G$, $V_2$ is a total dominating set of the graph $G_1 = G - V_1$, and, for $2 \leq i \leq k - 1$, $V_{i+1}$ is a total dominating set in the graph $G_i = G - \bigcup_{j=1}^i V_j$. A vertex partition of order $Tr_t(G)$ is called a $Tr_t$-partition. The \textsc{Maximum Total Transitivity Problem} is to find a total transitive partition of a given graph with the maximum number of parts. First, we characterize split graphs with total transitivity equal to $1$ and $\omega(G) - 1$. Moreover, for a split graph $G$ and $1 \leq p \leq \omega(G) - 1$, we provide necessary conditions for $Tr_t(G) = p$. Furthermore, we show that the decision version of this problem is NP-complete for bipartite graphs. On the positive side, we prove that this problem can be solved in linear time for bipartite chain graphs. Finally, we design a polynomial-time algorithm to solve the \textsc{Maximum Total Transitivity Problem} in trees.