A Learnt Half-Quadratic Splitting-Based Algorithm for Fast and High-Quality Industrial Cone-beam CT Reconstruction

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel deep-learning-based iterative reconstruction algorithm for industrial cone-beam CT that combines neural networks with traditional optimization to achieve high-quality images from sparse data efficiently.

Contribution

It proposes a half-quadratic splitting algorithm integrating CNNs with conjugate gradient steps, improving reconstruction quality and speed over existing methods.

Findings

Outperforms existing methods on Walnuts dataset

Achieves high-quality reconstructions from sparse-view measurements

Combines neural networks with data-consistency enforcement effectively

Abstract

Industrial X-ray cone-beam CT (XCT) scanners are widely used for scientific imaging and non-destructive characterization. Industrial CBCT scanners use large detectors containing millions of pixels and the subsequent 3D reconstructions can be of the order of billions of voxels. In order to obtain high-quality reconstruction when using typical analytic algorithms, the scan involves collecting a large number of projections/views which results in large measurement times - limiting the utility of the technique. Model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) algorithms can produce high-quality reconstructions from fast sparse-view CT scans, but are computationally expensive and hence are avoided in practice. Single-step deep-learning (DL) based methods have demonstrated that it is possible to obtain fast and high-quality reconstructions from sparse-view data but they do not generalize well to out-of-distribution scenarios. In this work, we propose a half-quadratic splitting-based algorithm that uses convolutional neural networks (CNN) in order to obtain high-quality reconstructions from large sparse-view cone-beam CT (CBCT) measurements while overcoming the challenges with typical approaches. The algorithm alternates between the application of a CNN and a conjugate gradient (CG) step enforcing data-consistency (DC). The proposed method outperforms other methods on the publicly available Walnuts data-set.