$\Lambda$ and $\Sigma$ potentials in neutron stars, hypernuclei, and heavy-ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper examines the consistency of hyperon-nucleon and hyperon-nucleon-nucleon forces derived from chiral effective field theory with experimental data, proposing a model that addresses the hyperon puzzle in neutron stars.

Contribution

It demonstrates that a specific $YNN$ force can reconcile hypernuclear and heavy-ion collision data while resolving the hyperon puzzle in neutron stars.

Findings

The $ ext{Lambda}$ potential can be made strongly repulsive at high density.

Model reproduces hypernuclear spectroscopy and heavy-ion collision data.

The $ ext{Sigma}$ potential can be tuned to match empirical values while suppressing $ ext{Lambda}$ in neutron stars.

Abstract

With an appropriate $YNN$ force, the $\Lambda$ single-particle potential ($\Lambda$ potential) can be made strongly repulsive at high density, and one can solve the hyperon puzzle of neutron stars. We investigate the consistency of such a $\Lambda$ potential, evaluated recently from $YN$ and $YNN$ forces based on chiral effective field theory, with hypernuclear data and heavy-ion collision data. It is found that model calculations with such a $\Lambda$ potential can reproduce the data of the $\Lambda$ hypernuclear spectroscopy and the $\Lambda$ directed flow in heavy-ion collisions. Also, we evaluate the $\Sigma$ potential, which can be calculated by using the same hyperon forces as for the $\Lambda$ potential. Specifically, we show that the low-energy constants characterizing the strength of the $YNN$ force can be chosen to suppress the appearance of the $\Lambda$'s in neutron stars while at the same time the empirical value of the $\Sigma$ potential is reproduced.