Cosmological implications and causality in $f(R, L_{m}, T)$ gravity theory with observational constraints

TL;DR

This paper explores new cosmological models within a generalized gravity theory, constraining them with observational data, and analyzing their acceleration phases, causality, and viability.

Contribution

It introduces specific cosmological models in $f(R, L_{m}, T)$ gravity, constrains them with observational datasets, and examines their acceleration and causality properties.

Findings

All models show late-time acceleration.

Models I and II exhibit early and late acceleration phases.

Current deceleration parameter ranges from -0.8857 to -0.4279.

Abstract

In the generalized matter-geometry coupling theory, we investigate the physical characteristics and causality of some new cosmological models for a flat, homogeneous, and isotropic spacetime filled with stiff, radiation, dust, and curvature fluid sources. We obtain a particular cosmological model corresponding to each source fluid, called Models I, II, III, and IV, respectively. We make observational constraints on each model using the joint analysis of $31$ Cosmic Chronometer (CC) Hubble dataset and $1701$ Pantheon+SH0ES datasets to estimate the current values of model parameters. Using these statistical results, we have analyzed the information criteria, effective EoS parameter, causality of the models, and viability of this generalized gravity theory. Subsequently, we investigate the effective equation of state and deceleration parameter for each model. We found that all models in the late-time universe exhibit transit-phase acceleration, and Models I and II show both the early as well as late-time accelerating phase of the expanding universe. We found the current values of the deceleration parameter in the range $-0.8857\le q_{0}\le-0.4279$ with transition redshift $0.4867\le z_{t}\le0.839$ and the effective EoS parameter in the range $-0.9238\le\omega_{eff}\le-0.6186$. We analyzed the square sound speed condition $c_{s}^{2}\le c^{2}$ for each model.