Low-Complex Waveform, Modulation and Coding Designs for 3GPP Ambient IoT

TL;DR

This paper explores low-complexity waveform, modulation, and coding schemes for 3GPP Ambient IoT, demonstrating significant performance improvements in device-to-reader links through simulations and standardization insights.

Contribution

It introduces novel low-complexity WMC designs tailored for 3GPP Ambient IoT, addressing PHY challenges and validating performance gains over existing RFID solutions.

Findings

6 dB performance improvement with proposed waveform

Enhanced PHY design for low-power IoT devices

Validation through comprehensive simulations

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive study on low-complexity waveform, modulation and coding (WMC) designs for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT). A-IoT is a low-cost, low-power IoT system inspired by Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and aims to leverage existing cellular network infrastructure for efficient RF tag management. The paper compares the physical layer (PHY) design challenges and requirements of RFID and A-IoT, particularly focusing on backscatter communications. An overview of the standardization for PHY designs in Release 19 A-IoT is provided, along with detailed schemes of the proposed low-complex WMC designs. The performance of device-to-reader link designs is validated through simulations, demonstrating 6 dB improvements of the proposed baseband waveform with coherent receivers compared to RFID line coding-based solutions with non-coherent receivers when channel coding is adopted.