The NEMESIS Catalogue of Young Stellar Objects for the Orion Star Formation Complex. I. General description of data curation

TL;DR

This paper presents the NEMESIS catalogue, a comprehensive, curated database of nearly 28,000 young stellar objects in the Orion complex, integrating multi-wavelength data and classifications to support machine learning studies.

Contribution

It provides the first extensive, homogeneous catalogue of YSOs in Orion with multi-wavelength data, classifications, and contamination probabilities, facilitating advanced astrophysical analyses.

Findings

Catalogue includes 27,879 sources across all YSO stages.

Homogeneous infrared classification labels derived for all sources.

Probabilities assigned to identify extragalactic contaminants and giants.

Abstract

The past decade has seen a rise in the use of Machine Learning methods in the study of young stellar evolution. This trend has led to a growing need for a comprehensive database of young stellar objects (YSO) that goes beyond survey-specific biases and that can be employed for training, validation, and refining the physical interpretation of machine learning outcomes. We reviewed the literature focused on the Orion Star Formation complex (OSFC) to compile a thorough catalogue of previously identified YSO candidates in the region including the curation of observables relevant to probe their youth. Starting from the NASA/ADS database, we assembled YSO candidates from more than 200 peer-reviewed publications. We collated data products relevant to the study of YSOs into a dedicated catalogue, which was complemented with data from large photometric and spectroscopic surveys and in the Strasbourg astronomical Data Center. We also added significant value to the catalogue by homogeneously deriving YSO infrared classification labels and through a comprehensive curation of labels concerning sources' multiplicity. Finally, we used a panchromatic approach to derive the probabilities that the sources in our catalogue were contaminant extragalactic sources or giant stars. We present the NEMESIS catalogue of YSOs for the OSFC, which includes data collated for 27879 sources covering the whole mass spectrum and the various stages of pre-Main Sequence evolution from protostars to diskless young stars. The catalogue includes a collection of panchromatic photometric data processed into spectral energy distributions, stellar parameters, infrared classes, equivalent widths of emission lines related to YSOs accretion and star-disk interaction, and absorption lines such as lithium and lines related to source's gravity, X-ray emission observables, photometric variability observables, and multiplicity labels.