Quantum-Corrected Hawking Radiation from Near-Extremal Kerr-Newman Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper studies how quantum fluctuations in near-extremal Kerr-Newman black holes' near-horizon region significantly alter Hawking radiation, especially enhancing emission of particles with angular momentum at very low temperatures.

Contribution

It introduces a quantum correction framework for Hawking radiation in near-extremal Kerr-Newman black holes, revealing enhanced emission for particles with angular momentum due to quantum effects.

Findings

Quantum fluctuations radically change particle emission at low temperatures.

Emission of particles with angular momentum can be substantially enhanced.

Quantum effects differ from the suppression seen in Reissner-Nordström black holes.

Abstract

Near-extremal black holes have a long AdS$_2$ throat in their near-horizon region. Quantum fluctuations in the throat region are effectively governed by a quantum version of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity with matter and are strongly coupled at low temperatures. We investigate how these quantum fluctuations affect the spectrum of emission of particles during Hawking radiation. We systematically consider the cases of Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes for emission of scalar particles and discuss photon and graviton emission from the Kerr background. We find that at very low temperatures the quantum fluctuations radically change the nature of particle emission. Unlike the generic suppression of particle emission in the spherically symmetric Reissner-Nordstr\"om case, we uncover that for particles with non-vanishing angular momentum, the quantum-corrected emission can be substantially enhanced with respect to the standard semiclassical result.