Fabry-Perot resonance modes in a MoS$_2$-based vertical stacking cavity for strong light-matter coupling and topological phase singularity

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a multilayer vertical cavity with MoS$_2$ that enhances light-matter interactions, enabling control over Fabry-Perot resonance modes, phase singularities, and topological phenomena for advanced optical applications.

Contribution

It introduces a novel multilayer stacking cavity with MoS$_2$ that significantly improves light-matter interaction control and topological phase singularities compared to previous methods.

Findings

Multiple perfect absorptions achieved in the cavity.

Generation and control of topological phase singularities.

Enhanced light-matter interaction via multilayer design.

Abstract

Rich dielectric properties in atomic transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) enhance light-matter interactions and contribute to a variety of optical phenomena. The direct transfer of TMDs onto photonic crystals facilitates optical field confinement and modifies photon dispersion through the generation of polaritons. However, light-matter interaction is severely limited by this stacking method. This limitation can be significantly improved by constructing a vertical stacking cavity with alternating layers of dielectric material and monolayer MoS$_2$. This multilayer structure is proven to be a compact, versatile, and customizable platform for controlling Fabry-Perot cavity resonance mode. Angle-resolved reflectance further aids in studying resonance mode dispersion. Moreover, the strong light-matter interaction results in multiple perfect absorptions, with the monolayer MoS$_2$ significantly contributing to the absorption in this system, as schematically revealed by the electric field distribution. The multiple perfect absorptions produce an unusual amounts of phase singularities with topological pairs, whose generation, evolution, and annihilation can be controlled by adjusting cavity parameters. Our findings provide a flexible and consistent framework for optimizing light-matter interactions and supporting further studies on wavefront shaping, optical vortices, and topological variants.