Non-Markovian noise limits for sustaining entanglement in multiparty quantum states

TL;DR

This paper investigates how non-Markovian environmental effects influence the persistence and revival of entanglement in multipartite quantum states, revealing that non-Markovianity can sustain and revive entanglement in multi-qubit systems.

Contribution

It demonstrates how non-Markovian noise leads to entanglement saturation and revival in multipartite states, providing new insights into entanglement dynamics under realistic environmental conditions.

Findings

Entanglement saturates to non-zero values under non-Markovian dephasing.

W states show higher saturation levels and even-odd qubit effects.

Entanglement revives after collapse in non-Markovian depolarising channels.

Abstract

The principal resource in several quantum information processing tasks is entanglement. Building practically useful versions of such tasks, one often needs to consider multipartite systems. And in such scenarios, it is impossible to eliminate the effects of environment while distributing the resources. We show how information back-flow from the environment, as a result of non-Markovianity in the system dynamics, affects the resources in multipartite systems, specifically multiparty entanglement. In particular, we find that entanglement of multi-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger cat states saturate with time to a non-zero value for a non-Markovian dephasing noise. The multi-qubit W states saturate to a higher value. Such non-zero time-saturated values are washed out if the non-Markovianity in the channel is removed. The multi-qubit W states provide a richer set of features, including a non-zero value for an asymptotic number of qubits and an even-odd dichotomy in entanglement with number of qubits. Moving over to a non-Markovian depolarising channel, we find that both cat and W states exhibit revival of entanglement after collapse.