Single-molecule Scale Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond

TL;DR

This paper reviews the advancements in single-molecule magnetic resonance spectroscopy using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, highlighting current capabilities, limitations, and future prospects for high-resolution molecular imaging.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art techniques and analyzes optimization strategies for NV-based single-molecule magnetic resonance.

Findings

Current methods improve sensitivity but still face resolution challenges

Full 3D nuclear spin positioning remains unachieved

Optimization of technical parameters can enhance performance

Abstract

Single-molecule technology stands as a powerful tool, enabling the characterization of intricate structural and dynamic information that would otherwise remain concealed within the averaged behaviors of numerous molecules. This technology finds extensive application across diverse fields including physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. Quantum sensing, particularly leveraging nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers within diamond structures, presents a promising avenue for single-molecule magnetic resonance, offering prospects for sensing and imaging technology at the single-molecule level. Notably, while significant strides have been made in single-molecule scale magnetic resonance using NV centers over the past two decades, current approaches still exhibit limitations in magnetic sensitivity, spectral resolution, and spatial resolution. Particularly, the full reconstruction of three-dimensional positions of nuclear spins within single molecules remains an unattained goal. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in single-molecule scale magnetic resonance, encompassing an analysis of various relevant techniques involving NV centers. Additionally, it explores the optimization of technical parameters associated with these methods. This detailed analysis serves as a foundation for the development of new technologies and the exploration of potential applications.