Lindblad estimation with fast and precise quantum control

TL;DR

This paper develops optimal quantum control protocols to maximize the sensitivity of quantum sensors in estimating stochastic signals and noise characteristics, applicable to fundamental physics experiments and quantum device diagnostics.

Contribution

It introduces a framework for Lindblad estimation that identifies rapid projective measurement and re-initialization as optimal, and designs protocols for various quantum sensing applications.

Findings

Optimal measurement strategy involves rapid projective measurement and re-initialization.

Protocols are applicable to stochastic waveform estimation and quantum spectroscopy.

Achieves ultimate sensitivity limits for quantum sensors in Lindblad estimation.

Abstract

Enhancing precision sensors for stochastic signals using quantum techniques is a promising emerging field of physics. Estimating a weak stochastic waveform is the core task of many fundamental physics experiments including searches for stochastic gravitational waves, quantum gravity, and axionic dark matter. Simultaneously, noise spectroscopy and characterisation, e.g. estimation of various decay mechanisms in quantum devices, is relevant to a broad range of fundamental and technological applications. We consider the ultimate limit on the sensitivity of these devices for Lindblad estimation given any quantum state, fast and precise control sequence, and measurement scheme. We show that it is optimal to rapidly projectively measure and re-initialise the quantum state. We develop optimal protocols for a wide range of applications including stochastic waveform estimation, spectroscopy with qubits, and Lindblad estimation.