Performance Comparison of Security Credential Management Systems for V2X: North American Standard IEEE 1609.2.1 and European Standard ETSI TS 102 941

TL;DR

This paper compares North American and European V2X security standards, analyzing their PKI architectures, message formats, and performance through theoretical and practical evaluations to guide future SCMS development.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive comparison of IEEE and ETSI V2X security standards, highlighting structural differences and performance implications.

Findings

European and North American standards differ in PKI architecture and message formats.

Practical tests reveal differences in efficiency and processing times.

Recommendations for optimizing future SCMS implementations.

Abstract

This study examines the performance and structural differences between the two primary standards for Security Credential Management Systems (SCMS) in Vehicular-to-Everything (V2X) communication: the North American IEEE standards and the European ETSI standards. It focuses on comparing their respective Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) architectures, certificate application workflows, and the formats of request/response messages used during certificate applications. The research includes a theoretical analysis of message length and security features inherent in each standard. Additionally, practical implementations of both systems are conducted to evaluate their efficiency in certificate management processes. Based on the findings, the study provides recommendations to guide future development of SCMS.