Inhibition of bacterial growth by antibiotics : A minimal model

TL;DR

This paper develops a minimal mathematical model to describe how bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth by targeting autocatalytic cycles, revealing distinct growth regimes and coexistence phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a novel minimal model that captures various antibiotic effects and growth regimes, extending understanding of bacterial response to antibiotics.

Findings

The model reproduces known bacterial growth laws.

It identifies two distinct growth-dependent susceptibility regimes.

It predicts coexistence of two growth rates at low antibiotic concentrations.

Abstract

Growth in bacterial populations generally depends on the environment (availability and quality of nutrients, presence of a toxic inhibitor, product inhibition..). Here, we build a model to describe the action of a bacteriostatic antibiotic, assuming that this drug inhibits an essential autocatalytic cycle involved in the cell metabolism. The model recovers known growth laws, can describe various types of antibiotics and confirms the existence of two distinct regimes of growth-dependent susceptibility, previously identified only for ribosome targeting antibiotics. Interestingly, below a certain threshold in terms of antibiotic concentration, a coexistence between two values of the growth rate is possible, which has also been observed experimentally. Interesting extensions of the model include the antagonistic effect of two drugs targeting different autocatalytic cycles or the production of an inhibiting waste.