Nucleation line in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates in Gross-Pitaevskii theory

TL;DR

This paper explores wetting phase transitions in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates using Gross-Pitaevskii theory, focusing on the role of a surfactant component at the interface between two segregated components.

Contribution

It provides an analytical study of nucleation lines and wetting phase diagrams in three-component BECs, including an approximation for surfactant thickness.

Findings

Surfactant thickness varies linearly with chemical potential ratio in log scale.

Analytical expressions for nucleation line and wetting phase diagram are derived.

Wave functions of components are obtained through linearization of coupled equations.

Abstract

By means of Gross-Pitaevskii theory we investigate the possibility of wetting phase transition in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates within the strong segregation between components 1 and 2. Third component plays the role of a surfactant, which can wet the interface formed by components 1 and 2. The case of symmetry of components 1 and 2, the equation for nucleation line and wetting phase diagram are studied. By linearizing the set of three-coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations, the wave functions of the components are found. An analytical approximation for the surfactant thickness in the prewetting phase is presented. The results indicate that the surfactant thickness in the prewtting phase varies linearly with the chemical potential ratio in the logarithmic scale.