Microchip semiconductor membrane external-cavity surface-emitting laser

TL;DR

This paper introduces the first microchip semiconductor membrane external-cavity surface-emitting laser (MECSEL), achieving high power, efficiency, and beam quality in a compact form factor suitable for various applications.

Contribution

The paper presents the development and demonstration of a novel microchip MECSEL with a micron-thin semiconductor membrane and a solid-state cavity, achieving record efficiency and high power in a compact device.

Findings

Over 1 watt continuous wave output at 1123 nm

Record slope efficiency of ~51.4%

Excellent beam quality with M^2 < 1.05

Abstract

We demonstrate the first microchip semiconductor membrane external-cavity surface-emitting laser. This compact type of laser consists solely of a semiconductor gain region present as a micron-thin membrane, sandwiched between two transparent heat spreaders. The heat spreaders have a highly reflective coating on their outer facets, which assembles the laser's plane-parallel solid-state cavity with a total length of just ~1 mm. One of the coatings with slightly reduced reflectivity acts as outcoupling mirror. The microchip membrane external-cavity surface-emitting laser (microchip MECSEL) is optically pumped with a standard fiber-coupled diode laser module emitting at 808 nm and stabilizes itself due to an occurring thermal lens. More than one watt of continuous wave output power around 1123 nm and a record value in fitted slope efficiency of ~51.4 % with MECSELs, while maintaining excellent beam quality (TEM_00, M^2 < 1.05), is demonstrated. Important properties of semiconductor lasers such as the efficiency, beam quality, and polarization were investigated. Further, this setup was used to characterize the thermal lens and it's dependence on the absorbed pump power in the microchip MECSEL. Such systems represent an attractive solution, when high-power output at customizable emission wavelength with excellent beam quality is needed in combination with very compact built size.