Gravitational waves from color restoration in a leptoquark model of radiative neutrino masses

TL;DR

This paper investigates gravitational wave signals from early Universe phase transitions in a leptoquark model that explains neutrino masses, predicting testable signals for future space-based detectors and introducing a new analysis tool.

Contribution

It presents the first application of the exttt{Dratopi} tool for phase transition analysis in this context, linking model parameters to gravitational wave predictions.

Findings

Detectable gravitational wave signals in the mHz–0.1 Hz range.

Color-restoration and leptoquark masses near 1.5 TeV.

Diverse phase transition patterns including color symmetry-breaking.

Abstract

We study the first-order phase transitions and the emerging stochastic gravitational wave spectrum in a minimal leptoquark extension of the Standard Model that explains active neutrino oscillation data while satisfying current flavor physics constraints. This model exhibits diverse phase transition patterns, including color symmetry-breaking scenarios in the early Universe. Strong correlations between model parameters and gravitational-wave signals yield testable predictions for future experiments such as LISA, BBO, and DECIGO. Specifically, a detectable signal in the mHz$\unicode{x2013}$0.1~Hz frequency range features color-restoration and leptoquark masses near $1.5~\mathrm{TeV}$. With this article, we also present the first application in the literature of \texttt{Dratopi}. This is a soon-to-be-released tool for phase transition analysis using the dimensional reduction formalism, that interfaces the \texttt{DRalgo} package with \texttt{Python} and a slightly modified version of \texttt{CosmoTransitions}.