The nucleon properties in finite temperature and density with Gaussian fluctuations

TL;DR

This paper explores how Gaussian fluctuations influence nucleon properties at finite temperature and density, revealing non-monotonic mass behavior and increased radius, which are relevant for understanding hadronization in heavy-ion collisions.

Contribution

It introduces a two-flavor quark meson model with Gaussian fluctuations to analyze nucleon properties beyond mean-field approximation under extreme conditions.

Findings

Nucleon mass exhibits non-monotonic behavior with temperature and density.

Nucleon radius increases due to Gaussian fluctuations, indicating effective repulsive forces.

Insights into nucleon structure changes during hadronization in heavy-ion collisions.

Abstract

We investigate the properties of nucleons at finite temperature and density using a two-flavor quark meson model with Gaussian fluctuations that extend beyond the mean-field approximation. Our findings suggest that Gaussian fluctuations lead to a non-monotonic behavior of the nucleon mass as a function of temperature and density, which may play an important role in the study of the hadronization process of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Moreover, we observe an increase in the nucleon radius due to Gaussian fluctuations, suggesting an effective repulsive force akin to the Casimir effect, as observed in the gold-bromobenzene-silica system. This study offers new insights into how temperature, density, and quantum fluctuations affect the structure and properties of nucleons under extreme conditions.