New Physics in the 3-3-1 models

TL;DR

This paper explores new versions of 3-3-1 models, an extension of the Standard Model, addressing unresolved issues like neutrino masses and dark matter, and discusses their implications in particle physics.

Contribution

It introduces new main versions of 3-3-1 models and analyzes their consequences, expanding the theoretical landscape beyond previous models.

Findings

Proposes novel 3-3-1 model variants

Addresses neutrino masses and dark matter issues

Explores implications for particle physics

Abstract

Two main ingredients of current particle physics such as local gauge symmetry and mass generation via the Higgs mechanism being basic ground of the Standard Model are widely confirmed by experimental data. However, some problems such as neutrino masses, dark matter, baryon asymmetry of Universe have clearly indicated that the Standard Model cannot be the ultimate theory of nature. To surpass the mentioned puzzles, many extensions of the Standard Model (called beyond Standard Model) have been proposed. Among beyond Standard Models, the 3-3-1 models have some intriguing features and they get wide attention. The pioneer models develop in some directions. In this paper, %some new main versions of the 3-3-1 models and their consequences are presented.