Attosecond electron bunch generation by an intense laser propagation in conical channel with a curved wall

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates through simulations that a conical channel with a curved wall can generate high-density, high-energy attosecond electron bunches with improved focusing and stability compared to flat wall channels.

Contribution

It introduces a novel conical channel design with curved walls that enhances electron bunch density, energy, and stability in laser-driven acceleration.

Findings

Density increased by nearly 175%

Maximum energy increased by 36%

Stable electron bunches from hyperbolic curved channels

Abstract

By using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, attosecond electron bunches with high density, high energy and small divergence angle can be obtained by p-polarized laser irradiation in conical channel with curved wall. We find that some electrons in the wall are pulled into the channel by the transverse electric field and are directly accelerated. Meanwhile, they move steadily along the conical wall via laser pondermotive force. The results show that the focusing effect of the curved wall conical channel is stronger than that of the traditional flat wall conical channel, and the density of the attosecond electron bunches is increased by nearly 175% as well as the maximum energy is increased by 36%. We also find that the quality of the electron bunches is affected by the geometry of the concial channel wall. Interestingly it is found that the attosecond electron bunches obtained from the specific concial channel with the hyperbolic geometry of the curved wall can keep stable around the maximum electron energy within 10T0 even if they have left the channel.