Massively Multiplexed Wide-field Photon Correlation Sensing

TL;DR

This paper introduces a massively multiplexed wide-field photon correlation measurement technique using a large single-photon detector array, enabling advanced quantum sensing and imaging applications with significantly increased speed and scale.

Contribution

It presents the first implementation of a large-scale 500x500 photon correlation measurement system, demonstrating its capabilities in quantum imaging and emitter counting.

Findings

Successful wide-field photon correlation measurements with the SwissSPAD3 array

Enhanced quantum-enabled super-resolution imaging by a factor of √2

Potential to accelerate quantum sensing and imaging protocols significantly

Abstract

Temporal photon correlations have been a crucial resource for quantum and quantum-enabled optical science for over half a century. However, attaining non-classical information through these correlations has typically been limited to a single point (or at best, a few points) at-a-time. We perform here a massively multiplexed wide-field photon correlation measurement using a large $500\times500$ single-photon avalanche diode array, the SwissSPAD3. We demonstrate the performance of this apparatus by acquiring wide-field photon correlation measurements of single-photon emitters, and illustrate two applications of the attained quantum information: wide-field emitter counting and quantum-enabled super-resolution imaging (by a factor of $\sqrt{2})$. The considerations and limitations of applying this technique in a practical context are discussed. Ultimately, the realization of massively multiplexed wide-field photon correlation measurements can accelerate quantum sensing protocols and quantum-enabled imaging techniques by orders of magnitude.