$\ell^1$-bases, algebraic structure and strong Arens irregularity of Banach algebras in harmonic analysis$^1$

TL;DR

This paper introduces new $ ext{l}^1$-bases in Banach algebras to unify and extend results on the strong Arens irregularity of Fourier algebras in harmonic analysis, covering many classes of groups.

Contribution

It develops a novel class of $ ext{l}^1$-bases that unify previous results on Arens products and irregularity in harmonic analysis, especially for Fourier algebras.

Findings

Unified most results on Arens products over 70 years.

Proved $A(G)$ is sAir for compact connected groups with infinite dual rank.

Constructed $ ext{l}^1$-bases using irreducible representation coefficients.

Abstract

A long standing problem in abstract harmonic analysis concerns the strong Arens irregularity (sAir, for short) of the Fourier algebra $A(G)$ of a locally compact group $G.$ The groups for which $A(G)$ is known to be sAir are all amenable. So far this class includes the abelian groups, the discrete amenable groups, the second countable amenable groups $G$ such that $\overline{[G, G]}$ is not open in $G,$ the groups of the form $\prod_{i=0}^\infty G_i$ where each $G_i$, $i\ge1$, is a non-trivial metrizable compact group and $G_0$ is an amenable second countable locally compact group, the groups of the form $G_0\times G$, where $G$ is a compact group whose local weight $w(G)$ has uncountable cofinality and $G_0$ is any locally compact amenable group with $w(G_0)\le w(G)$, and the compact group $SU(2).$ We were primarily concerned with the groups for which $A(G)$ is sAir. We introduce a new class of $\ell^1$-bases in Banach algebras. These new $\ell^1$-bases enable us, among other results, to unify most of the results related to Arens products proved in the past seventy years since Arens defined his products. This includes the strong Arens irregularity of algebras in harmonic analysis, and in particular almost all the cases mentioned above for the Fourier algebras. In addition, we also show that $A(G)$ is sAir for compact connected groups with an infinite dual rank. The $\ell^1$-bases for the Fourier algebra are constructed with coefficients of certain irreducible representations of the group. With this new approach using $\ell^1$-bases, the rich algebraic structure of the algebras and semigroups under study such as the second dual of Banach algebras with an Arens product or certain semigroup compactifications (the Stone-\v Cech compactification of an infinite discrete group, for instance) is also unveiled