Single-mode laser guiding in non-parabolic plasma channels for high-energy electron acceleration

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that non-parabolic plasma channels can effectively guide laser pulses for high-energy electron acceleration, enabling 10 GeV energies in less than 15 cm by mode matching, overcoming limitations of traditional parabolic channels.

Contribution

It introduces a new mode matching condition for guiding in non-parabolic plasma channels, improving laser wakefield acceleration efficiency and reducing distortions.

Findings

Single-mode guiding achieved in non-parabolic channels.

10 GeV electron energies reached in less than 15 cm.

Elimination of mode dispersion and energy leakage.

Abstract

The discovery of laser wakefield acceleration in gaseous plasma was a major milestone that could lead to a significant reduction of size and cost of large electron accelerators. For higher-energy laser-driven electron acceleration guiding plasma channels were proposed, which are matched to the laser pulse parameters. For guiding a Gaussian beam, a parabolic density profile is needed, which is difficult to realize experimentally. The realistic channel profiles can be described by higher order polynomial functions which are not optimal for guiding due to the development of undesired distortions in the laser intensity envelope. However, here we show that for non-parabolic plasma channels well-defined matching conditions exist, which we call mode matching. This leads to the guiding of the fundamental mode only in the acceleration regime, where the plasma electron density is modulated by the high-intensity laser pulse. In this way we eliminate two deteriorating factors of laser wakefield acceleration, namely the mode dispersion and energy leakage. We apply this new matching condition for single-mode guiding in quasi-3D simulations to show that 10 GeV energies can be reached in a distance of less than 15 cm.