Nonlinear Dynamics of the Inner Horizon in Reissner-Nordstr\"om Black Holes: Insights into Mass Inflation

TL;DR

This paper models the nonlinear dynamics of the inner horizon in Reissner-Nordstr"om black holes during mass inflation, revealing how the horizon shrinks and approaches a Schwarzschild-like state over time.

Contribution

It provides an analytical perturbative solution describing the inward movement of the inner horizon during mass inflation in charged black holes.

Findings

Inner horizon moves inward during mass inflation

Higher scalar field mass accelerates horizon shrinking

Reissner-Nordstr"om spacetime tends to Schwarzschild-like geometry over time

Abstract

The well-known instability of the inner horizon of a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole, first suggested by Simpson and Penrose, although studied extensively, has remained illusive so far as several studies led to varied conclusions about the dynamical nature of the inner horizon. In this work, we therefore focus upon the dynamic nature of the inner horizon in the course of mass inflation. We model this phenomenon with a massive chargeless scalar field minimally coupled with the Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetime. Employing the Einstein-Maxwell field equation coupled with the Klein-Gordon equation, we obtain a nonlinear dynamical equation for the inner horizon coupled with the dynamics of the mass function and the scalar field. In the S-wave approximation, we develop a perturbative solution about the dynamic inner horizon and obtain an analytical solution as a polynomial of twelfth degree. Our detailed analysis shows that the inner horizon moves inward in the course of mass inflation. Higher the mass of the scalar field, faster are the shrinking rate of the inner horizon and the rate of mass inflation. Our solution for dynamic shrinking of the inner horizon suggests that a Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetime tends towards a Schwarzschild-like geometry, in the infinite advanced time limit.