Revisiting Endo-reversible Carnot engine: Extending the Yvon engine

TL;DR

This paper extends the Yvon engine model to match the generality of the Curzon-Ahlborn engine, revealing their equivalence and offering pedagogical insights into non-equilibrium thermodynamics.

Contribution

The paper generalizes the Yvon engine model and compares it with the CA engine, establishing their equivalence as steady-state and cyclic forms of the endo-reversible Carnot engine.

Findings

Extended Yvon engine matches the CA engine in generality.

Yvon and CA engines are equivalent as different forms of the endo-reversible Carnot engine.

Provides a pedagogical example for thermodynamics education.

Abstract

A famous paper [Am. J. Phys. 43, 22 (1975)] unveiled the efficiency at maximum power (EMP) of the endo-reversible Carnot heat engine, now commonly referred to as the Curzon-Ahlborn (CA) engine, pioneering finite-time thermodynamics. Historically, despite the significance of the CA engine, similar findings had emerged at an earlier time, such as the Yvon engine proposed by J. Yvon in 1955 sharing the exact same EMP. However, the special setup of the Yvon engine has circumscribed its broader influence. This paper extends the Yvon engine model to achieve a level of generality comparable to that of the CA engine. A rigorous comparison reveals that the extended Yvon engine and CA engine represent the steady-state and cyclic forms of the endo-reversible Carnot heat engine, respectively, and are equivalent. Our work provides a pedagogical example for the teaching of thermodynamics and engineering thermodynamics, given that the simple and lucid derivation of the extended Yvon engine helps students initiate their understanding of non-equilibrium thermodynamics.