Control of open quantum systems: Manipulation of a qubit coupled to a thermal bath by an external driving field

TL;DR

This paper explores controlling a qubit coupled to a thermal bath using nonequilibrium Green's functions, revealing that more accurate non-Markovian models outperform traditional master equations in speed and precision of state manipulation.

Contribution

It introduces the use of nonequilibrium Green's functions for qubit control, showing advantages over standard master equations in open quantum system dynamics.

Findings

Green's function method predicts different optimal control profiles.

Non-Markovian effects enable faster state reaching.

Traditional master equations may underestimate control efficiency.

Abstract

Fast and reliable manipulation with qubits is fundamental for any quantum technology. The implementation of these manipulations in physical systems is the focus of studies involving optimal control theory. Realistic physical devices are open quantum systems. So far, studies in optimal control theory have primarily utilized the Redfield/Lindblad quantum master equation to simulate the dynamics of such systems. However, this Markov description is not always sufficient. Here, we present a study of qubit control utilizing the nonequilibrium Green's function method. We compare the traditional master equation with more general Green's function results and demonstrate that even in the parameter regime suitable for the application of the Redfield/Lindblad approach, the two methods yield drastically different results when addressing evolution involving mixed states. In particular, we find that, in addition to predicting different optimal driving profiles, a more accurate description of system evolution enables the system to reach the desired final state much more quickly. We argue that the primary reason for this is the significance of the non-Markov description of driven system dynamics due to the effect of time-dependent driving on dissipation.