The Keller-Segel model with mass critical exponent

TL;DR

This paper analyzes a Keller-Segel model with nonlinear diffusion and non-local interactions, identifying conditions for global existence or finite-time blow-up based on initial data and a critical threshold derived from a Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality.

Contribution

It introduces a Keller-Segel model with mass critical exponent and classifies solution behaviors based on initial data relative to a new threshold.

Findings

Existence of a critical threshold for initial data.

Global solutions occur below the threshold.

Finite-time blow-up occurs above the threshold.

Abstract

We consider a Keller-Segel model with non-linear porous medium type diffusion and non-local attractive power law interaction, focusing on potentials that are less singular than Newtonian interaction. Here, the nonlinear diffusion is chosen to be $m=2-\frac{2s}{d}$, in which case the steady states are compactly supported. We analyse under what conditions on the initial data the regime that attractive forces are stronger than diffusion occurs and classify the conditions for global existence and finite time blow-up of solutions. It is shown that there exists a threshold value which is characterized by the optimal constant of a variant of the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality. Specifically, the solution will exist globally if the initial data is below the threshold, while the solution blows up in finite time when the initial data is above the threshold.