Room Temperature Strong Orbital Moments in Perpendicularly Magnetized Magnetic Insulator

TL;DR

This study provides experimental evidence of large unquenched orbital moments in a ferrimagnetic insulator, revealing their significant role in magnetic properties and potential in orbitronics.

Contribution

It demonstrates the presence of strong orbital moments from Tm 4f orbitals in Tm3Fe5O12 and explores their impact on magnetic behavior and g-factor reduction.

Findings

Large Tm orbital moments dominate the magnetic response.

Non-zero XMCD signals at the O K edge indicate spin-orbit coupling.

Unquenched orbital moments cause g-factor reduction from 1.7 to 1.56.

Abstract

The balance between the orbital and spin magnetic moments in a magnetic system is the heart of many intriguing phenomena. Here, we show experimental evidence of a large orbital moment, which competes with its spin counterpart in a ferrimagnetic insulator thulium iron garnet, Tm3Fe5O12. Leveraging element-specific X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), we establish that the dominant contribution to the orbital moment originates from 4f orbitals of Tm. Besides the large Tm orbital moment, intriguingly, our results also reveal a smaller but evident non-zero XMCD signal in the O K edge, suggesting additional spin-orbit coupling and exchange interactions with the nearest neighbour Fe atoms. The unquenched orbital moment is primarily responsible for a significant reduction in g-factor, typically 2 in transition metals, as determined independently using ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Our findings reveal a non-linear reduction in the g-factor from 1.7 at 300 K to 1.56 at 200 K in Tm3Fe5O12 thin films. These results provide critical insights into the role of the f orbitals in long-range magnetic order and stimulate further exploration in orbitronics.