The coupled tearing-thermal instability in coronal current sheets from the linear to the non-linear stage

TL;DR

This study models the coupled tearing and thermal instabilities in solar coronal current sheets, revealing how initial perturbations influence the transition to thermal runaway and condensations within flux ropes.

Contribution

It demonstrates the impact of linear perturbation modes on the nonlinear evolution and thermal runaway in coupled tearing-thermal instabilities in coronal current sheets.

Findings

Part of the thermal quasi-continuum exhibits tearing properties in the linear stage.

True thermal runaway and condensations occur only in the nonlinear stage.

Perturbing with the fastest linear mode accelerates the transition to non-linear and thermal runaway stages.

Abstract

In the solar corona, magnetically sheared structures are unstable to both tearing and thermal instabilities in a coupled fashion. However, how the choice of linear perturbation modes influences the time-scale to achieve the thermal runaway in a coupled tearing-thermal coronal current sheet is not well understood to date. Here, we model a force-free Harris current sheet under solar coronal conditions to investigate this coupling in the linear and non-linear regimes. In the linear regime, we adopt the magnetohydrodynamic spectroscopy code Legolas to compare the current sheet under thermal and thermoresistive conditions, after which we initialise non-linear simulations (with MPI-AMRVAC) with the unstable, linear tearing and thermal perturbations obtained with Legolas. It is shown that part of the unstable thermal quasi-continuum adopts tearing properties in the linear stage, but that it is not until the non-linear stage is reached that a true thermal 'runaway' effect leads to condensations inside tearing-induced flux ropes. Hence, the linear stage is governed by the dominant tearing instability whilst condensations form due to tearing-thermal coupling in the non-linear stage. Our results imply that perturbing an equilibrium current sheet with the fastest growing linear mode skips the mode mixing phase in which the dominant instability traditionally emerges, and significantly reduces the time-scale to enter into the non-linear stage and thermal runaway process from its equilibrium configuration.