Massive gauge boson and Higgs boson as the vestiges of non-Fock vacuum

TL;DR

This paper proposes a microscopic model of the BEH mechanism where the Higgs boson and massive gauge bosons emerge as vestiges of a non-Fock vacuum state, highlighting a novel non-perturbative origin of mass.

Contribution

It introduces a non-Fock space framework for the BEH mechanism, showing how massive particles arise from a non-Fock vacuum and are interpreted as quasiparticles.

Findings

Massless fermions exist in a non-Fock space with indefinite particle number.

Massive gauge bosons and Higgs bosons are emergent quasiparticles from the non-Fock vacuum.

The Higgs boson is not elementary but a quasiparticle after vacuum restoration.

Abstract

A microscopic model of the Brout-Englert-Higgs (BEH) mechanism is proposed. Massless fermions and antifermions do not belong to the Fock space with definite particle-number distribution, but belong to a non-Fock space with indefinite one. From this vast space, their ground-state is selected by a kinematical condition. Due to the interaction between them, the Fock state in which fermions and antifermions are massive is restored, but this state has the vestiges of the non-Fock state in the massive gauge boson and the Higgs boson. In the non-Fock state, massless fermions and antifermions exist as pairs, and behave as quasi bosons within a small space-time region. Due to Bose statistics, the direction of their center-of-mass motion is parallel to each other, and their transverse excitations are suppressed by an energy gap, making the gauge boson coupled to them massive. The Higgs boson is not an elementary particle, but a quasiparticle appearing after the Fock vacuum is restored.