Aubin--Nitsche-type estimates for space-time FOSLS for parabolic PDEs

TL;DR

This paper establishes enhanced error estimates and conservation properties for FOSLS methods applied to the heat equation, supported by theoretical proofs and numerical validation.

Contribution

It introduces Aubin--Nitsche-type estimates for FOSLS methods in parabolic PDEs, demonstrating higher convergence rates and conservation properties under specific conditions.

Findings

Higher $L^2$ error convergence rates proven

Higher-order conservation property shown

Numerical experiments confirm theoretical results

Abstract

We develop Aubin--Nitsche-type estimates for recently proposed first-order system least-squares finite element methods (FOSLS) for the heat equation. Under certain assumptions, which are satisfied if the spatial domain is convex and the heat source and initial datum are sufficiently smooth, we prove that the $L^2$ error of approximations of the scalar field variable converges at a higher rate than the overall error. Furthermore, a higher-order conservation property is shown. In addition, we discuss quasi-optimality in weaker norms. Numerical experiments confirm our theoretical findings.