Perturbed three-channel waveform synthesizer for efficient isolated attosecond pulse generation and characterization

TL;DR

This paper presents a perturbed three-channel waveform synthesizer that efficiently generates and rapidly characterizes isolated attosecond pulses at low repetition rates, with higher peak power than previous methods.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel perturbed three-channel waveform synthesizer enabling fast generation and characterization of high-power isolated attosecond pulses at low repetition rates.

Findings

Generated IAPs at 60 eV with 227 as duration

Generated IAPs at 107 eV with 128 as duration

Accelerated measurement time to minutes

Abstract

The generation of gigawatt-class isolated attosecond pulses (IAPs) is vital for attosecond pump-probe experiments. In such experiments, the temporal duration of IAPs must be determined quickly and accurately. In this study, we developed a perturbed three-channel waveform synthesizer for efficient IAPs generation and characterization at low repetition rates ( 10 Hz). Intense IAPs centered at photon energies of 60 eV (227 as duration) in Ar and 107 eV (128 as duration) in Ne were generated by the driving field from a three-channel waveform synthesizer and characterized using all-optical frequencyresolved optical gating (AO-FROG), which accelerated the measurement time to several minutes, providing fast feedback for the tunability of the IAP source. The peak power of the IAPs is higher than that reported in the literature.