Using the Difference of the Inclinations of a Pair of Counter-Orbiting Satellites to Measure the Lense-Thirring Effect

TL;DR

This paper proposes a method using the inclination difference of counter-orbiting satellites to isolate and measure the Lense-Thirring effect, aiming to improve detection of relativistic frame-dragging around Earth.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach leveraging opposite-orbit inclination differences to cancel classical effects and enhance relativistic signals in satellite measurements.

Findings

Inclination difference cancels out Newtonian quadrupole effects.

Scenario with polar POLARES satellites analyzed for practical implementation.

Comparison made with existing LAGEOS and LARES 2 experiments.

Abstract

Let two test particles A and B revolving about a spinning primary along ideally identical orbits in opposite directions be considered. From the general expressions of the precessions of the orbital inclination induced by the post-Newtonian gravitomagnetic and Newtonian quadrupolar fields of the central object, it turns out that the Lense-Thirring inclination rates of A and B are equal and opposite, while the Newtonian ones due to the primary's oblateness are identical. Thus, the difference of the inclination shifts of the two orbiters would allow, in principle, to cancel out the classical effects by enhancing the general relativistic ones. The conditions affecting the orbital configurations that must be satisfied for this to occur and possible observable consequences in the field of Earth are investigated. In particular, a scenario involving two spacecraft in polar orbits, branded POLAr RElativity Satellites (POLARES) and reminiscent of an earlier proposal by Van Patten and Everitt in the mid-1970s, is considered. A comparison with the ongoing experiment with the LAser GEOdynamics Satellite (LAGEOS) and LAser RElativity Satellite (LARES) 2 is made.