Temporal-spatial distribution of YSOs nearby Taurus region

TL;DR

This study maps the distribution and ages of young stellar objects in the Taurus region, revealing spatial and temporal patterns that support a supernova-driven formation scenario linked to the Local Bubble.

Contribution

It identifies 145 new YSOs and analyzes their spatial distribution and ages, providing new insights into star formation history in the Taurus region.

Findings

Younger DYSOs are farther from the Local Bubble, supporting a supernova-driven formation scenario.

GYSOs are younger and confined to 120-220 pc, indicating recent localized formation.

Distribution patterns suggest a connection between star formation and the Local Bubble's evolution.

Abstract

The Taurus region is one of the most extensively studied star-forming regions. Surveys indicate that the young stars in this region are comprised of Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) that cluster in groups associated with the molecular cloud (Grouped Young Stellar Objects, GYSOs), and some older ones that are sparsely distributed throughout the region (Distributed Young Stellar Objects, DYSOs). To bridge the age gap between the GYSOs ($\le$5 Myr) and the DYSOs (10-20 Myr), we conducted a survey to search for new YSOs in this direction. Based on infrared color excesses and Li I absorption lines, we identified 145 new YSOs. Combining these with the previously identified GYSOs and DYSOs, we constructed a sample of 519 YSOs that encompasses the entire region. Subsequently, we calculated the ages of the sample based on their proximity to the local bubble. The age versus Distance to the Local Bubble ($D_{\rm LB}$) relationship for the DYSOs shows a clear trend: the farther they are from the Local Bubble, the younger they are, which is consistent with the supernovae-driven formation scenario of the Local Bubble. The GYSOs also exhibit a mild age versus $D_{\rm LB}$ trend. However, they are significantly younger and are mostly confined to distances of 120 to 220 pc. Considering their distribution in the age versus $D_{\rm LB}$ space is well separated from the older DYSOs, they may also be products of the Local Bubble but formed in more recent and localized events.